Power Steering and Safety
There are several safety concerns associated with electric power steering (EPS) systems that need to be addressed.
EPS systems involve complex electronic components, sensors, controllers, and communication networks that need to work seamlessly. Any failure or malfunction in these components can compromise the safety and functionality of the steering system. Rigorous design, testing, and compliance with standards are crucial.
EPS systems are vulnerable to cyberattacks as they rely on electronic signals and data transmission. Hackers could potentially access the system through wireless connections or physical ports, manipulate steering commands, cause erratic behavior, or disable the system. Robust security features like encryption, authentication, and firewalls are necessary to prevent such threats.
EPS components like motors and sensors are exposed to environmental factors like temperature, humidity, vibration, and dust, which can affect their performance and durability. Adequate protection, cooling, and insulation are required to mitigate these challenges.
In heavier vehicles like SUVs and trucks with higher torque EPS motors, a total loss of EPS function can make manual steering impractical for drivers. Fail-safe operation with redundant backup systems is essential to ensure steering control is maintained in case of an EPS failure.
EPS systems can change the driving feel and feedback compared to traditional hydraulic systems. Some drivers may find the lighter and smoother steering less responsive or natural, affecting vehicle stability and handling, especially at high speeds or in slippery conditions.
To address these concerns, automakers and suppliers are developing advanced EPS systems with redundant architectures, fail-operational functions, and backup strategies to ensure safe operation even in the event of an electrical failure. Compliance with guidelines from regulatory bodies like NHTSA is also a priority, especially for highly automated self-driving vehicles where loss of steering could be disastrous .
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